When a young person faces accusations of a crime in Pennsylvania, the legal process differs from that of an adult. Pennsylvania’s juvenile justice system focuses on rehabilitation rather than punishment. If you or someone you know is facing juvenile charges, understanding how Pennsylvania handles these cases can help you navigate the process.
The juvenile justice process in Pennsylvania
In Pennsylvania, the juvenile justice process begins when a minor (under 18) gets arrested or charged with a crime. Juveniles go through the Juvenile Court system, which focuses on rehabilitation and the safety of the young offender. The intake process typically begins with a probation officer or court official determining whether the case should move forward to court.
If the court accepts the case, it schedules a hearing where both sides present their evidence. These hearings are less formal than adult trials, with the judge making the final decision rather than a jury. Depending on the offense, the juvenile may face consequences like probation, counseling, or placement in a juvenile detention facility. The court may also order the minor to attend a diversion program to help prevent future offenses.
Juvenile offenders and criminal records
The juvenile justice system in Pennsylvania generally keeps juvenile records private. In many cases, a juvenile’s criminal record can be expunged once they reach adulthood, depending on the offense and whether they follow court orders. This approach distinguishes the juvenile system from the adult criminal system and provides minors with an opportunity to move forward without carrying the burden of a criminal record.
Serious crimes and adult charges
Although most juvenile cases stay in the juvenile justice system, minors who commit serious crimes like murder or violent assaults may face adult charges. If the prosecution moves to try the juvenile as an adult, the court will hold a transfer hearing to decide whether to send the case to adult court. If the court approves the transfer, the juvenile faces the same consequences as an adult offender.
Pennsylvania’s juvenile justice system emphasizes rehabilitation while holding young offenders accountable. Understanding this process can help you prepare for the potential consequences that may arise in juvenile criminal cases.